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Solid Surfaces

Solid surface is a very popular surfacing material because of its high durability and versatilty.  Solid surface is a non-porous low-maintenance material used for a variety of surfaces throughout a space. It can mimic the appearance of granite, marble, stone, and other naturally occurring materials.

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01: Solid surface reception desk top and surround

Characteristics 

  • Chemical composition varies depending on the manufacturer

  • generally composed of a bauxite product, alumina trihydrate, and a polymer of either acrylic or polyester

  • Surface finish varies from matte to high gloss

  • Marble dust, quartz, or glass fibers may be added and pigments are added to get the desired look

  • Most solid surfaces maintain a consistent color throughout

  • Resists mold and bacteria because of its nonporous qualities

  • Fire-resistant if composed of acrylic

  • Stain and chemical resistant

  • Produced to imitate the patterns of various stones

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02: CDUK's Washpod sinks made of Corian solid surface

Production & Maintenance

Production:

  • Acrylic, polyester, or a combination of both are mixed with a powdered bauxite filler and various pigments

  • After being heated, the mixture chemically hardens into a solid material

  • The solid slab is then cut and sanded into the desired shapes and molded to get the correct edge profiles.

Maintenance:

  • Scratches and damage can be repaired by sanding

  • Can be refinished to restore to original finish and repair damages

  • Not harmed by cleaning supplies, so routine cleaning includes soapy water and/or ammonia-based cleaners

  • Diluted bleach works well to disinfect the surface

  • If water is left on the surface without being wiped dry, a film will develop on the surface that will dull the finish

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03: HI-MACS solid surface as a wall covering 

Environmental Impact

  • The manufacturing process requires a high amount of energy, but the end product is very long-lasting 

  • Low VOC content and minimal impact on indoor air quality

  • Easily repairable and renewable, so one surface will last a long time

  • Ability to be reinstalled or reworked into new products

  • able to be produced using ingredients free of toxins, metals, and carcinogens

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Organizations:

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International Surface Fabricators Association

https://www.isfanow.org/

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Solid Surface Association of America

https://www.ssaamerica.org/

Application

Countertops are the most common application for solid surface because of its durable qualities.​​

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  • Countertops can be 1/2-3/4 in thick with a built-up 1 1/2 in thick front edge.

  • There are many varieties of edge profiles and shapes because of its ability to be cut and shaped using woodworking tools.

  • Installed over base cabinets with supports space 24in apart.  

  • Solid surface is strong enough to support itself, so because it will expand and contract with temperature changes, there could be cracking if installed over a plywood substrate.

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ASTM Standards:

 

ASTM G 22 & G 21: Standard Practice for Determining Resistance of Synthetic Polymeric Materials to Bacteria/Fungi

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ASTM D 570: Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics.

 

ASTM D 638: Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics

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04:  Waterfall countertop made from HI-MACS solid surface

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Resources

Images:​

01: Dezeen

02: Dezeen

03: Dezeen

04: Dezeen

05: Dezeen

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Information:

Page by Ruth Baker

05: bathroom vanity made from HI-MACS solid surface

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