
Solid Surfaces
Solid surface is a very popular surfacing material because of its high durability and versatilty. Solid surface is a non-porous low-maintenance material used for a variety of surfaces throughout a space. It can mimic the appearance of granite, marble, stone, and other naturally occurring materials.

01: Solid surface reception desk top and surround
Characteristics
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Chemical composition varies depending on the manufacturer
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generally composed of a bauxite product, alumina trihydrate, and a polymer of either acrylic or polyester
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Surface finish varies from matte to high gloss
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Marble dust, quartz, or glass fibers may be added and pigments are added to get the desired look
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Most solid surfaces maintain a consistent color throughout
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Resists mold and bacteria because of its nonporous qualities
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Fire-resistant if composed of acrylic
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Stain and chemical resistant
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Produced to imitate the patterns of various stones

02: CDUK's Washpod sinks made of Corian solid surface
Production & Maintenance
Production:
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Acrylic, polyester, or a combination of both are mixed with a powdered bauxite filler and various pigments
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After being heated, the mixture chemically hardens into a solid material
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The solid slab is then cut and sanded into the desired shapes and molded to get the correct edge profiles.
Maintenance:
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Scratches and damage can be repaired by sanding
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Can be refinished to restore to original finish and repair damages
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Not harmed by cleaning supplies, so routine cleaning includes soapy water and/or ammonia-based cleaners
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Diluted bleach works well to disinfect the surface
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If water is left on the surface without being wiped dry, a film will develop on the surface that will dull the finish

03: HI-MACS solid surface as a wall covering
Environmental Impact
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The manufacturing process requires a high amount of energy, but the end product is very long-lasting
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Low VOC content and minimal impact on indoor air quality
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Easily repairable and renewable, so one surface will last a long time
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Ability to be reinstalled or reworked into new products
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able to be produced using ingredients free of toxins, metals, and carcinogens
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Organizations:
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International Surface Fabricators Association
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Solid Surface Association of America
Application
Countertops are the most common application for solid surface because of its durable qualities.​​
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Countertops can be 1/2-3/4 in thick with a built-up 1 1/2 in thick front edge.
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There are many varieties of edge profiles and shapes because of its ability to be cut and shaped using woodworking tools.
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Installed over base cabinets with supports space 24in apart.
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Solid surface is strong enough to support itself, so because it will expand and contract with temperature changes, there could be cracking if installed over a plywood substrate.
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ASTM Standards:
ASTM G 22 & G 21: Standard Practice for Determining Resistance of Synthetic Polymeric Materials to Bacteria/Fungi
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ASTM D 570: Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics.
ASTM D 638: Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics

04: Waterfall countertop made from HI-MACS solid surface
